Varna Ratnakara

Varna Ratnakara
वर्ण रत्नाकार
Asiatic Society of Kolkata
Varṇa Ratnākara manuscript, Page 77 (b)
TypeEncyclopedia
DateEarly 14th-century
Place of originMithila
Language(s)Maithili
Author(s)Jyotirishwar Thakur
MaterialPalm leaf
Size12.7 × 5 cm; 77 leaves; 17 missing
Conditionpreserved
ScriptTirhuta
DiscoveredPandit Hara Prasad Shastri (1885-90) in Nepal

The Varna Ratnakara, Maithili: वर्ण रत्नाकर, (IAST: Varṇa Ratnākara), literally "Ocean of description", is the oldest prose work of Maithili language, written in 1324 CE by the Maithil scholar, priest and poet Jyotirishwar Thakur. The author was a part of the court of King Harisimhadeva (r. 1304–1324) of the Karnat dynasty whose capitals were in both Simraungadh and Darbhanga.

This work contains descriptions of various subjects and situations. This work provides valuable information about the life and culture of medieval India. The text is divided into seven Kallolas (waves): Nagara Varṇana, Nāyikā Varṇana, Asthāna Varṇana, Ṛtu Varṇana, Prayāṇa Varṇana, Bhaṭṭādi Varṇana and Śmaśāna Varṇana. An incomplete list of 84 Siddhas is found in the text, which consists only 76 names. A manuscript of this text is preserved in the Asiatic Society, Kolkata

The word Abahattha was used for the very first time in this encyclopedic work. Later the Maithili poet Vidyapati wrote his poem Kīrttilatā in Abahatta.