Toni Wolff

Toni Anna Wolff (18 September 1888 – 21 March 1953) was a Swiss Jungian analyst and a close collaborator of Carl Jung. During her analytic career Wolff published relatively little under her own name, but she helped Jung identify, define, and name some of his best-known concepts, including anima, animus, and persona, as well as the theory of the psychological types. Her best-known paper is an essay on four "types" or aspects of the feminine psyche: the Amazon, the Mother, the Hetaira, and the Medial (or mediumistic) Woman. These four types exist on a quadrant chart with four dimensions. In this chart, the Mother is the opposite of the Hetaira on a vertical line, and the Medial woman is opposite the Amazon on a horizontal line.