South Dakota v. Opperman

South Dakota v. Opperman
Argued March 29, 1976
Decided July 6, 1976
Full case nameSouth Dakota v. Opperman
Citations428 U.S. 364 (more)
96 S. Ct. 3092; 49 L. Ed. 2d 1000; 1976 U.S. LEXIS 15
Case history
PriorCertiorari to the Supreme Court of South Dakota
Holding
Warrantless routine inventory searches of automobiles impounded or otherwise in lawful police custody, pursuant to standard police procedures, are reasonable and not prohibited by the Fourth Amendment.
Court membership
Chief Justice
Warren E. Burger
Associate Justices
William J. Brennan Jr. · Potter Stewart
Byron White · Thurgood Marshall
Harry Blackmun · Lewis F. Powell Jr.
William Rehnquist · John P. Stevens
Case opinions
MajorityBurger, joined by Blackmun, Powell, Rehnquist, Stevens
ConcurrencePowell
DissentWhite
DissentMarshall, joined by Brennan, Stewart
Laws applied
U.S. Const. amend. IV

South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364 (1976), elaborated on the community caretaking doctrine. Under the Fourth Amendment, "unreasonable" searches and seizures are forbidden. In addition to their law-enforcement duties, the police must engage in what the court has termed a community caretaking role, including such duties as removing obstructions from roadways to ensure the free flow of traffic. When the police act in this role, they may inventory cars they have seized without "unreasonably" searching those cars.