John Bannister Gibson

John Bannister Gibson
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
In office
1827–1851
Preceded byWilliam Tilghman
Succeeded byJeremiah S. Black
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
In office
1816–1827
In office
1851–1853
Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
In office
1810–1812
ConstituencyCumberland County
Chair of the Pennsylvania House Judiciary Committee
In office
1811–1812
Personal details
Born(1780-11-08)November 8, 1780
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, US
DiedMay 3, 1853(1853-05-03) (aged 72)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseSarah Work Galbraith
RelationsGeneral George Gibson (brother)
ChildrenEight
Alma materDickinson College

John Bannister Gibson (November 8, 1780 – May 3, 1853) was a Pennsylvania jurist. He served on the Pennsylvania Supreme Court from 1816 to his death in 1853, and was chief justice on the court for 24 years. "During his highly influential career, he wrote more than twelve hundred opinions and was known for maintaining a generally restrictive view of judicial authority, [and] aiding measures for internal improvements and public works"[.] With some reluctance, Gibson also strictly followed precedent and legal text to deny the franchise to Pennsylvania’s free persons of African descent (Hobbs v. Fogg, 6 Watts 553 (Pa. 1837)).